This page is a collection of notes and links related to large language models (LLMs), their applications, and the underlying technology. It serves as a reference for understanding the current state of LLMs, their capabilities, and their limitations, and is the result my cleaning up the main AI page and splitting it into more manageable sections. It is not exhaustive, but it should provide a good starting point for anyone interested in the topic.
Models
Interesting models i’ve come across, off the mainstream beaten path:
| Field | Category | Date | Link | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coding Agents | Models | 2026 | Recursive Flint | Open MoE coding-agent checkpoint with 39.8B total and about 2.5B active parameters; BF16 weights under Apache 2.0, served with SGLang |
| Large Language Models | Function Calling | 2024 | functionary | can interpret and execute functions/plugins |
| Octopus-v2 | a model designed for both function calling and on-device inference | |||
| Models | Information Extraction | 2026 | GLiNER2 | Unified schema-based information-extraction model library supporting named-entity recognition, text classification, relation extraction, span attributes, and structured JSON extraction |
| Scoring | 2026 | OpenJev (IamBusy) | Qwen3-0.6B decision model with LoRA, a scalar scoring head, shared state prefill and isolated candidate branches. | |
| decider | One-pass typed-decision model family fine-tuned from Qwen3.5, supporting Choice, Score, and Noul questions with calibrated probabilities | |||
| Laya | ModernBERT/mmBERT encoders with typed decision heads for choice, ordinal and boolean scoring; batches full question sequences, with English, multilingual and task-specific checkpoints | |||
| SemIf | Open-model implementation of the Jev interface pattern supporting CUDA and MLX with typed option probabilities | |||
| NanoJev | Small Jev replica with dynamic candidates, shared decision heads, and end-to-end training | |||
| Nimble | Qwen3.5-9B LoRA decision model that scores permitted answer tokens for choices, booleans and rubric levels, with MLX and PyTorch reference tooling. | |||
| OpenDecision | Open-source semantic decision engine with Choice, Noul, and Score primitives, a ModernBERT zero-shot backend, and a TypeSafe-compatible /v1/systemone API | |||
| Jeff (Firelex) | Small Qwen3.5 and Gemma 4 fine-tunes for zero-shot Choice, Noul, and Score classification, with an optional MLX server for Qwen models | |||
| kev | Qwen2.5-0.5B decision model with LoRA, isolated packed question branches and a pointer head for typed option probabilities. | |||
| Jeff | GLiFormer-based classifier with a Jev-compatible API for choices, boolean probabilities and rubric scores. | |||
| jevlike | Independent starter model for one-pass scoring over variable-length text options, with CPU, Apple MPS, and CUDA support | |||
| openjev (AlexWortega) | Qwen3.5 NLI cross-encoder for entailment, contradiction, and neutral classification, with reranking and grading APIs and optional image support | |||
| MoJev | Qwen3.5-0.8B typed-decision checkpoint for schema-bound scoring of text and image candidates, evaluated by its authors at 93.23% accuracy on 12,000 decisions | |||
| Multi-modal Models | Models | 2023 | ml-ferret | a multi-modal model from Apple |
| Small Language Models | Models | 2026 | z80ai | 2-bit quantized micro language model that runs on Z80/CP/M (.COM), trained in Python and exported |
| 2024 | TinyLlama | pretraining of a 1.1B Llama model on 3 trillion tokens. |
Tools
Miscellaneous tools and applications that use LLMs, or are related to them in some way:
| Field | Category | Date | Link | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assistants | Code Assistants | 2025 | aider | a tool that enables pair programming with LLMs to edit code in local git repositories. |
| tabby | a self-hosted AI coding assistant | |||
| ollama-copilot | Proxy that allows you to use ollama as a copilot like Github copilot | |||
| 2024 | gpt-pilot | a prototype development tool that leverages GPT | ||
| llm-vscode | a VSCode extension that uses llm-ls | |||
| emacs-copilot | an Emacs extension for using a local LLM | |||
| privy | An open-source alternative to GitHub copilot that runs locally. | |||
| 2023 | localpilot | a MITM proxy that lets you use the GitHub Copilot extension with other LLMs | ||
| Computer Use | 2026 | typesafe-computer-use | macOS computer-use agent that combines OCR with TypeSafe decisions and requires Screen Recording and Accessibility permissions | |
| jev-ultrafast | Goal-driven browser automation using Jev decisions over observed page elements instead of generated selectors or scripts | |||
| mobile-jev | Standalone mobile agent using Jev decisions, with a CLI, React Studio, traces, and latency measurements | |||
| pi-computer-use | Adds screenshot, mouse and keyboard tools to Pi on macOS via an extension, skill and native helper. | |||
| Desktop Assistants | 2023 | macOSpilot-ai-assistant | An Electron app for macOS | |
| Moderation | 2026 | Jev-Moderation-Bot | Discord moderation bot using TypeSafe AI and Jev to filter spam and scam links, escalate offenses, and profile members | |
| Personal Assistants | 2026 | Parlor | an on-device real-time multimodal AI app for local voice and vision conversations, powered by Gemma 4 E2B and Kokoro. | |
| 2023 | khoj | an intriguing personal assistant based on local data | ||
| Safety | 2026 | pi-warden | Pi guardrails for blocking irreversible or off-task calls and detecting stuck loops | |
| Terminal Assistant | 2025 | tmuxai | a terminal assistant that leverages | |
| Voice Integration | 2026 | jev-voice-browser | Voice-controlled headed Chromium browser using Web Speech API, Playwright, and typed Jev intent and target decisions | |
| Development | App Development Platform | 2024 | dify | an open-source LLM app development platform with a node-based UX |
| Code Assistant | 2025 | opencode | a TUI-based code assistant written in Go. | |
| Code Generation | 2025 | spec-kit | a toolkit for spec-driven development | |
| Flow-based | 2023 | langflow | a node-based GUI for quick iteration of langchain flows | |
| JavaScript Framework | 2024 | genaiscript | a JavaScript environment for prompt development and structured data extraction for LLMs. | |
| LLM Programming | 2024 | GPTScript | Natural Language Programming against multiple LLMs | |
| Language Server | 2024 | llm-ls | a local language server that leverages LLMs | |
| Libraries | 2025 | smartfunc | turn Python functions into LLM-powered endpoints using the OpenAI SDK | |
| NLP Toolkit | 2024 | WordLlama | a lightweight NLP toolkit for tasks like fuzzy-deduplication, similarity, and ranking | |
| Prompt Compression | 2024 | LLMLingua | a tool for compressing prompts with minimal loss of information | |
| Workflow Management | 2024 | burr | a tool for creating and managing LLM workflows | |
| Evaluation | Evaluation Platform | 2025 | opik | an open-source platform for evaluating, testing, and monitoring LLM applications. |
| Model Evaluation | 2026 | OpenJev (kw2828) | Research collection for typed decision scoring, with local Qwen text inference and task-specific chess, Doom, memory and robot-control experiments. | |
| 2023 | pykoi | a unified interface for data and feedback collection, including model comparisons | ||
| PromptTools | self-hostable toools for evaluating LLMs, vector databases, and prompts | |||
| Prompt Evaluation | 2023 | ChainForge | a visual programming environment for benchmarking prompts across multiple LLMs | |
| promptfoo | A tool for testing and evaluating LLM prompt quality. | |||
| Infrastructure | API Compatibility | 2023 | LocalAI | A local, drop-in replacement for the OpenAI API |
| API Management | 2023 | BricksLLM | an OpenAI gateway in Go to create API keys with rate limits, cost limits and TTLs | |
| APIs | 2026 | classifier.dev | Cloudflare Worker text-classification API backed by TypeSafe Jev, with batch requests and optional reasoning-model escalation. | |
| Deployment | 2026 | Turnstone | a multi-node AI orchestration platform for deploying tool-using agents across server clusters, with CLI/browser interfaces, governance, and MCP support. | |
| 2023 | dalai | An automated installer for LLaMA | ||
| Distributed Inference | 2024 | exo | an intriguing P2P clustering solution for running models across several machines | |
| Edge Inference | 2024 | nitro | a self-hosted inference engine for edge computing with an OpenAI API | |
| 2023 | TinyChatEngine | A local (edge) inference engine in C++ without any dependencies | ||
| GPU Optimization | 2024 | amd_inference | a tool that enables inference on AMD GPUs | |
| Hardware Optimization | 2024 | ipex-llm | a PyTorch extension for Intel hardware | |
| Inference Engines | 2026 | LemonSeed Studio | iPad IDE that bundles an on-device LLM engine and a PCIDriverKit AMD GPU driver for local inference | |
| Flash-MoE | A pure C/Objective-C+Metal inference engine that runs the 397B MoE model on Apple Silicon laptops using SSD streaming, 2-bit quantization, and custom GPU kernels. | |||
| openjev-sglang | Jev-compatible HTTP API server using open models and SGLang, with Modal deployment and autoscaling support | |||
| ik_llama.cpp | A high-performance llama.cpp fork with improved CPU and hybrid GPU/CPU inference plus modern quantization and DeepSeek/BitNet-focused updates. | |||
| Swiftlet | Swift and Metal runtime that streams Qwen MoE experts from storage to run 35B and 80B models on Apple Silicon and iPhone. | |||
| Janas | C-based local LLM toolkit using llama.cpp, with CLI, HTTP server and MCP server; targets Linux x86-64 and Windows x86-64 | |||
| deepseek-v4-flash-mi300x | Production Docker Compose stack and ROCm/vLLM patches for serving DeepSeek V4 Flash on a single AMD MI300X. | |||
| 2023 | a1gpt | A C++ implementation of a GPT-2 inference engine | ||
| llama.cpp | A C++ port of Facebook’s LLaMA model. Still requires roughly 240GB of (unoptimized) weights, but can run on a 64GB Mac. | |||
| minillm | A GPU-focused Python wrapper for LLaMa | |||
| llama-rs | A Rust port of llama.cpp | |||
| wyGPT | another C++ local inference tool | |||
| Model Runner | 2025 | ramalama | an alternative to Ollama for locally running models | |
| Model Serving | 2024 | lorax | a framework that allows users to serve thousands of fine-tuned models on a single GPU | |
| Performance Optimization | 2024 | GPTFast | a set of acceleration techniques | |
| Privacy | 2026 | rehydra-sdk | TypeScript SDK that detects, replaces, encrypts, and rehydrates PII in LLM prompts, coding agents, and browser workflows. | |
| Runtimes | 2026 | MoJev | Python runtime and serving implementation for typed, calibrated decisions from text or image input, with a local TypeSafe SDK-compatible API | |
| Simple Jev | Jev-style decision API using permitted-answer token logits, shared prompt-prefix caching and batched question suffixes. | |||
| localjev | TypeScript/Bun Jev-compatible API bridge that translates decisions into classification prompts for a local DiffusionGemma model served through an OpenAI-compatible oMLX endpoint; probability estimates are not direct logits | |||
| jev-visual | MLX multimodal decision scorer with shared visual-context prefill, answer-label logits and teacher-forced candidate sequence scoring. | |||
| OpenJev (DiffusionGemma) | Jev-compatible decision server using DiffusionGemma answer-slot probabilities and repeated denoising reads through a patched vLLM backend. | |||
| Open JEV (zhihz) | Local bilingual decision API using frozen Qwen3-4B-Instruct answer-label logits, with an MLX backend and sequential question scoring. | |||
| jevper | Python wrapper for OpenAI-compatible clients that implements the Jev System One wire format and returns typed classification probabilities and confidence instead of prose | |||
| Voice Integration | 2026 | voxtral-tts.c | pure C implementation of Voxtral-4B-TTS for lightweight, dependency-free text-to-speech inference. | |
| Integration | Apple Notes | 2024 | notesollama | a plugin for Apple Notes that uses the Accessibility APIs |
| IRC Bot | 2024 | ollama-bot | a rudimentary IRC bot that communicates with a local instance of ollama | |
| Slack Bot | 2024 | geppetto | a bot for integrating ChatGPT and DALL-E into Slack | |
| Voice Integration | 2024 | pico-cookbook | Recipes for on-device voice AI and local LLM | |
| Integrations | Home Assistant | 2026 | HA-Jev | Home Assistant integration for TypeSafe Jev with sensors, actions, and Assist conversation support |
| Interfaces | CLI | 2023 | chatblade | a CLI wrapper for ChatGPT |
| CLI Markdown | 2024 | mark | CLI to interact with LLMs using markdown and images | |
| Terminal Interface | 2024 | oterm | a terminal-based interface for LLMs | |
| Text Generation UI | 2024 | koboldcpp | an easy-to-use AI text-generation software for GGML and GGUF models based on llama.cpp | |
| Web Interface | 2024 | open-webui | a web-based interface for LLMs | |
| 2023 | chatbot-ui | a more or less sensibly designed self-hosted ChatGPT UI | ||
| Serve | A containerized solution for using local LLMs via web chat | |||
| Knowledge Systems | Data Processing | 2024 | nlm-ingestor | a set of parsers for common file formats |
| Database RAG | 2024 | korvus | a search SDK that unifies the entire RAG pipeline in a single database query | |
| Document Processing | 2025 | yek | a tool for importing and chunking text files for RAG | |
| Knowledge Graph RAG | 2024 | GraphRAG | a data pipeline designed to pre-process knowledge graphs and perform RAG on them | |
| Memory | 2026 | MemPalace | a local AI memory system that stores full conversation history in a structured searchable corpus with MCP tools and compressed context export. | |
| Note-Taking RAG | 2024 | reor | a note taking tool that performs RAG using a local LLM | |
| Personal Data | 2026 | msgvault | Offline email archive with local Gmail/IMAP sync, full-text search, DuckDB/Parquet analytics, and an MCP server for AI assistant query access. | |
| RAG | 2026 | cabinet | AI-first knowledge base and startup OS | |
| 2023 | embedchain | another framework to create bots from existing datasets | ||
| content-chatbot | A way to quickly create custom embeddings off a web site | |||
| RAG Framework | 2024 | R2R | a framework for or rapid development and deployment of production-ready RAG systems with SQLite support | |
| llmware | a framework for developing LLM-based applications including Retrieval Augmented Generation | |||
| Research Assistant | 2024 | storm | a tool that researches a topic and generates a full-length report with citations | |
| Search Engine | 2024 | Perplexica | a Perplexity AI search engine clone | |
| Search Tools | 2024 | LLocalSearch | a local tool for searching using LLMs | |
| Media Generation | Audio Stories | 2024 | fably | A device that tells bedtime stories to kids, using chunked TTS |
| Data Visualization | 2024 | lida | automatic generation of visualizations and infographics | |
| Image Generation | 2024 | local-image-gen | A GPTScript tool to generate images | |
| Model Management | Format Manipulation | 2024 | gguf-tools | a set of tools for manipulating GGUF format files |
| Layer Visualization | 2024 | NeuralFlow | a Python script for plotting the intermediate layer outputs of Mistral 7B | |
| Low-Level Training | 2024 | llm.c | LLM training in simple, raw C/CUDA | |
| Model Optimization | 2024 | hqq | an implementation of Half-Quadratic Quantization (HQQ) | |
| 2023 | GPTQ-for-LLaMa | a way to quantize the LLaMA weights to 4-bit precision | ||
| Training | 2023 | simple-llama-finetuner | A way to do LoRA adaptation of LLaMa | |
| alpaca-lora | Another way to do LoRA adaptation of LLaMa | |||
| Runtimes | Tools | 2026 | turbo-fieldfare | Gemma 4 26B-A4B inference in ~2 GB of RAM on M-series Macs |
| Tools | Model Evaluation | 2026 | Jev Benchmarks | Evaluation harness and published reports comparing Jev and GLiNER2.5 on intent and text classification, including latency and probability behaviour |
| Decision Model Benchmark | Reproducible decision-model benchmark suites and corrected reports comparing Jev with LLM baselines, including accuracy, calibration, latency and choice limits | |||
| NIKA | Benchmark and orchestrator for evaluating AI agents on network troubleshooting, with fault injection, MCP telemetry, sandboxing, and remote execution | |||
| Model Optimization | 2026 | heretic | Automatic language-model decensoring tool using directional ablation and Optuna-based optimisation to reduce refusals while limiting divergence from the original model |
Other Resources
Other resources related to LLMs, including articles, papers, and websites:
| Field | Category | Date | Link | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infrastructure | Distributed Inference | 2026 | MoEspresso | run large Mixture-of-Experts language models well on memory-constrained hardware |
| Large Language Models | Algorithms | 2024 | word-embedding | an implementation of word2vec skip-gram for word embedding. |
| Applications | 2023 | Chie | A cross-platform dekstop application with chat history and extension support | |
| Copilots | 2023 | Obsidian Copilot | an interesting take on how to use semantic search and OpenSearch’s BM25 implementation | |
| Demos | 2024 | WhisperFusion | an ensemble setup with WhisperSpeech, WhisperLive and Phi | |
| Frameworks | 2026 | modular | The Modular Platform, including MAX and Mojo | |
| 2025 | fabric | a componentized approach to building LLM pipelines | ||
| 2023 | litellm | a simple, lightweight LLM wrapper | ||
| AutoChain | Yet another alternative to langchain | |||
| Tanuki | yet another LLM framework using decorators for data validation | |||
| griptape | a | |||
| guidance | Control modern language models more effectively and efficiently than traditional prompting or chaining. | |||
| langchain | a composable approach for building LLM applications | |||
| llama_index | a data framework for LLM applications | |||
| txtai | has spinoffs for chat, workflows for medical/scientific papers, semantic search for developers and semantic search for headlines and story text | |||
| llmflows | Yet another alternative to langchain, but with an interesting approach at defining workflows | |||
| Front-Ends | 2024 | jan | an open-source ChatGPT alternative that runs 100% offline (uses nitro) | |
| 2023 | SecureAI-Tools | a self-hosted local inference front-end for chatting with document collections | ||
| gpt4all | another self-hosted local inference front-end | |||
| Jupyter | 2023 | LLMBook | A VS Code notebook interface for LLMs | |
| jupytee | a Jupyter plugin that can handle code generation and image generation, but not switching models (GPT-4) | |||
| genai | a Jupyter plugin that can handle code generation and fixes based on tracebacks | |||
| ipython-gpt | a Jupyter plugin that can handle multiple models | |||
| Libraries | 2025 | mlx-lm | a Python package for serving large language models on Apple silicon. | |
| harmony | a library that provides a response format for conversation structures and reasoning output in OpenAI models. | |||
| 2024 | chonkie | a lightweight library for efficient text chunking in RAG applications. | ||
| databonsai | a Python library that uses LLMs to perform data cleaning | |||
| DataDreamer | library for prompting, synthetic data generation, and training workflows | |||
| radients | a vactorization library that can handle more than just text | |||
| magentic | decorators to create functions that return structured output from an LLM. | |||
| 2023 | guardrails | a package for validating and correcting the outputs of large language models | ||
| MemGPT | a memory management/summarization technique for unbounded context | |||
| instructor | a clever library that simplifies invoking OpenAI function calls | |||
| simpleaichat | A simple wrapper for the ChatGPT AI | |||
| Reference | 2026 | lm-catalan | official AINA source for Catalan language models, embeddings, datasets, benchmarks, and demos | |
| 2024 | sqlite-hybrid-search | an example of how to do hyrid (vector and FTS) search with SQLite for RAG | ||
| 2023 | Native JSON Output from GPT-4 | tips on how to use OpenAI JSON and function calling | ||
| Using LLaMA with M1 Mac | Manual instructions for Apple Silicon | |||
| Prompt Engineering Guide | a set of lecture notes and detailed examples of prompting techniques | |||
| awesome-decentralized-llm | a collection of LLM resources that operate independently | |||
| GPT Prompt Archive | A set of sample base prompts for various LLMs | |||
| promptbase | Another set of prompting techniques and detailed examples | |||
| 2022 | awesome-chatgpt-prompts | might be a short-lived resource, but an interesting one | ||
| Samples | 2025 | smolGPT | A minimal PyTorch implementation for training your own small LLM | |
| 2024 | SimpleTinyLlama | a simple PyTorch-based implementation | ||
| 2023 | David Attenborough narrates your life | A pretty hilarious image-to-description example | ||
| LibreChat | A self-hosted ChatGPT alternative | |||
| sharepoint-indexing-azure-cognitive-search | provides an example of how to use Graph navigation and Cognitive Search indexing | |||
| gpt4all | open-source LLM chatbots | |||
| Demystifying Advanced RAG Pipelines | An LLM-powered advanced RAG pipeline built from scratch | |||
| Wanderlust OpenAI example using Solara | A simple interactive web shell with some nice features | |||
| GPT in 60 Lines of NumPy | a tutorial on how to build a GPT model from scratch | |||
| Bash One-Liners for LLMs | a collection of one-liners for various LLMs | |||
| Tools | 2025 | Anemll | porting of LLMs to tensor processors, starting with the Apple Neural Engine (ANE) | |
| Vector Databases | 2023 | chroma | an embedding database | |
| vectordb | A simple vector database that can run in-process | |||
| marqo | A vector database that performs vector generation internally | |||
| USearch | A Single-File Vector Search Engine | |||
| Workflows | 2023 | danswer | a pretty complete GPT/search integration solution with GitHub, Slack and Confluence/JIRA connectors | |
| Model Management | Models | 2026 | DeepSeek-V4-Flash-0731-Coder-56.8GB-MoEspressoV2 | Hugging Face model page for a MoEspresso V2 variant |
| Samples | Large Language Models | 2025 | tiny-llm | A tutorial on LLM serving using MLX |